This morning there was a very interesting and unique program at Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad's Perdana Leadership Foundation at Putrajaya.
There was a joint appeal by Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad and former Iranian President Sayyid Muhammad Khatami (who was represented by one Dr Ali Khosroe) to Shias and Sunnis all over the world as well as to the Organisation of Islamic Countries to put an end to all violence and killing between Sunnis and Shias all over the world.
This was a brave effort spearheaded by Prof Dr Chandra Muzaffar and the JUST World Movement, ably assisted by Anas Zubedy, Secretary General of JUST.
Dr Mahathir, Dr Chandra & Dr Ali Khosroe addressing the audience
It was a very simple call - to stop all violence between Sunnis and Shias. What made the great difference was that this is a direct appeal by Tun Dr Mahathir Mohammad, former Prime Minister of Malaysia (a Sunni country) and Sayyid Muhamad Khatami (former president of Iran - a predominantly Shia country). Both Dr Mahathir and Sayyid Muhammad Khatami hold considerable say among Muslims all over the world as statesmen and opinion leaders.
Their joint statement that was released to the Press calling for peace between Sunnis and Shias was therefore a unique achievement.
The idea is that the media will pick up on this Joint Statement and help promote this message.
However the fact is not too many of our local media was present. The event was also quite hushed so as not to attract the attention of the religious orthodoxy here. (They may NOT like such kissy-kissy affairs between Sunnis and Shias). They prefer to keep things on the boil.
There were quite a few Iranians present in the crowd - the Islamic Republic of Iran's National News Agency or IRNA was there. There were also Malaysian Shias I assume but I couldnt recognise them - because they looked exactly like the Malaysian Sunnis. (Semua Awang Dogoi sebiji serupa juga - tak ada beza pun.)
Anyway during question time I raised the point that many Islamic countries still had written laws which discriminated amongst the Muslims according to sects.
A long time ago the West also had discriminatory laws between Catholics and Protestants which caused so much sectarian wars and killing. The West then made a commitment to abolish such faith based laws and enacted new laws which guaranteed freedom of religion - as we find in most modern constitutions.
The point I made was that hopefully Malaysia too will abolish those laws which seek to discriminate between Muslims according to their sect or faith in Islam. Our laws can prosecute not only Shias but also anyone deemed not in keeping with the majority Sunni orthodoxy.
If we continue to have such laws in our country we will never really be able to build bridges between people of different Muslim sects not just in our country but around the world. Assoc Professor Syed Farid Alatas the son of the late Professor Syed Hussein Alatas who was also present followed up on my question and said words to the effect that if one sect has legal authority to label another sect deviant then it creates a permanent dominant-subservient relationship. And these are exactly the type of relationships which cause hatreds and violence among the Muslim sects.
In short we must make attempts to annul or abolish such discriminatory laws. Otherwise we cannot become a modern and peaceful society.
And many Malaysian Muslims honestly want our country to be an exemplary Islamic nation (negara Islam yang dicontohi) in promoting and providing peaceful and harmonious living for all its citizens. But when people point out that we prosecute (and persecute) Muslims who do not belong to the Ahlul Sunnah Wal Jamaah the same Malaysians go quiet. Senyap. How can we be a modern 21st century nation if we continue to do this?
Here is another bit of trivia - there are now a couple of hundred thousand or more home grown Malaysian Shias, some of whom are third generation Shias. There are also over 70,000 Iranian Shias who permanently reside in Malaysia (however I think many of them do not really believe in their religion anymore). That is a lot of people.
OK that was just the introduction to today's Blog. Here is the real story for today.
There is this interesting site on the Internet called Protestant Islam. You can click on the link and visit the site. It will not bore you at all.
There is an interesting little book (PDF format) listed there titled 'My Journey From The Christianity of the Ahlul Sunnah Wal Jamaah to the Islam of the Prophet'. Here is one chapter from that book :
The Battle of Siffin is a famous battle that took place 1356 years ago in 657 AD between the forces of Muawiyah and Saidina Ali. This battle is considered by many to be the decisive split in Islam which gave birth to the Sunnis and Shia conflict. This chapter argues that this famous battle never took place. Here is an excerpt (in blue) from the chapter :
“In Syria, disorder and incitement to commotion continued unabated. Uthman's shirt, besmeared with his blood and the chopped-off fingers of his wife, Naila, were exhibited from the pulpit. In this manner, Muawiya raised the entire country of Syria against Ali. Ultimately, both the parties, opposed to each other, converged on Siffin where their armies pitched their camps in 37/657. Even at this stage, Ali sent three men, viz. Bashir bin Amr bin Mahz Ansari, Saeed bin Qais Hamdani, and Shis bin Rabiee Tamini to Muawiya to induce him to settle for union, accord and coming together. According to Tabari (5h vol., p. 243), Muawiya replied that, "Go away from here, only the sword will decide between us."
So according to Tabari not long after the Prophet had died, the companions of the Prophet started fighting and killing each other. The Battle of Siffin was fought between the forces of Muawiyah and Ali - both of whom were the closest companions of the Prophet. To dispute this story, the chapter then quotes the following verses from the Quran :
8.62] And if they intend to deceive you -- then surely God is sufficient for you; He it is Who strengthened you with His help and with the believers
[8.63] And united their hearts; had you spent all that is in the earth, you could not have united their hearts, but God united them; surely He is Mighty, Wise.
[8.64] O Prophet! God is sufficient for you and the believers that follow you.
These are the verses in the Quran where Allah tells the Prophet that He (Allah) has united the hearts of the believers (the companions) who were around the Prophet.
It does not stop there. Allah says that even if the Prophet had spent all his wealth, he could not have united the hearts of the believers around him. But Allah has already done so. In other words it is already a fait accompli. Allah has united their hearts.
Yet people say that just a few years after the Prophet died, these same believers (Muawiyah, Saidina Ali plus all their supporters) whose hearts had been united by Allah started murdering and fighting with each other. The story of the Battle of Siffin between the companions of the Prophet contradicts what is written about the companions in the Quran.
So the author draws the conclusion that these stories about the Battle of Siffin are fake.
I have read many accounts of this famous Battle of Siffin (a place in Syria) between Muawiyah and Ali that took place in 657 AD. One of the main thrusts of the story was the 'fight for the river'.
That was no ordinary river. It was the famous Euphrates River that flows from Syria into Iraq. Here is one account from Wikipedia :
"The fight for the river : With an army of some 80,000 strong, mainly recruited from Iraq, Ali set out from Kufa, planning to march through upper part of Iraq and invade Syria from the north. Ali, then pushed on to Raqa, on the left bank of the Euphrates. ..Ali soon discovered that the Syrian positions controlled the water supply of the whole valley, and that there was no access to the river for his men. Muawiya obviously intended to use thirst to drive Ali's men to surrender."
OK folks here are two pictures of the grand Euphrates River in Syria. This is a huge river with sandy banks, rocky edges, swampy shores, marshes, reeds, forests and wetlands along its banks. This is not Sungai Rapat in Ipoh or Sungai Kuyuh in Bkt Jalil.
I have seen the mighty Euphrates River myself in Mosul in Iraq. Folks, even today the entire might of the US Army that has invaded and occupied Iraq, with their tanks, jet planes, drones, missiles and satellites cannot prevent even one Iraqi from going down to this mighty river to drink a sip of water or to take a piss. There is no way.
Yet we are required to believe that the forces of Muawiyah who were riding on camels, horses and on foot would attempt to block an 80,000 strong army of Saidina Ali - also riding on camels, horseback and on foot - access to this river as their main battle strategy?
Ponder this - in comparison the coastline of the West Coast of Semenanjung Malaysia is only about 700 km long. Can you imagine a battle strategy to deny say a battalion of soldiers access to the Straits of Malacca along this 700 km coastline? It will be impossible.
I think the guys who wrote this story of the Battle of Siffin do not know anything about warfare and "denial of access to areas" (D2AA) in war. There is no way anyone can deny 80,000 soldiers access to water from a river that is 3,000 km long (ie 6000 km of river banks on both sides) as a strategy to win a battle.
I agree that this Battle of Siffin is most likely a fake story. This also means that the hatred and animosity between the Sunnis and Shias that has persisted for 1400 years until today are all based on fake stories like this.
What a complete waste of life. Please lets all make that joint appeal. Shias and Sunnis dont kill yourselves over fake stories from over a 1000 years ago. Please wake up.